What is the egg?

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The egg is the female sex cell. It is present in higher plants and animals that reproduce in a sexual way, including the human species. The human egg is formed in the ovaries, which are the female sex glands located in the pelvic cavity, below the kidneys. The egg consists of a protoplasmic or vitelline membrane, or yolk protoplasm and nucleus, or germinal vesicle. The eggs originate from a developmental process called oogenesis that transforms cells of ovarian follicles and makes them suitable for fertilization. When the egg is mature, leaving the ovary and travels the uterine horn, where it can be fertilized by a male gamete or sperm. In this case, the embryo implants in the uterine lining and continue their development for 40 weeks, approximately until the birth of the new being.

What's the menstrual cycle?

The set of changes affecting the uterus every 28 days, approximately, is called the menstrual cycle. It consists of several stages and is regulated by hormones. In the first half of the period, the egg matures while you prepare the endometrium (uterine lining) for possible fertilization. Halfway through the cycle the ovulation, the egg leaves the ovary and can be fertilized. If not, the egg dies and is removed from the endometrial cells with blood, through a process known as menstruation.

How is composed the female reproductive system?

Located in the lower abdomen, consists of the internal genitalia: ovaries, fallopian internal (tubes), vagina and uterus, and external genitalia: vulva and annexes.

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