Who initiated the Crusades?

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The Crusades took place between 1096 and 1291. These military expeditions were driven by the popes and run by kings and feudal lords in Europe, with the aim of liberating the holy sites of Christianity in the Muslim domination. In the first of these religious and military companies, which began in 1096 and ended in 1099, the Crusaders triumphed and established the Christian kingdom of Jerusalem. Besides this, there were seven other crusades. Some of them successfully completed the Crusaders, as the sixth, which recovered the city of Jerusalem, which had been lost after the Second Crusade, either in victory for the Muslims, as in the second, which King Louis VII of France and Emperor Conrad III of Germany failed to break the stubborn resistance of the Arabs in Damascus.

What were the orders of chivalry?

Were orders of knights who were some votes for the monks and that formed pair defending the holy sites or for other functions related to that. Among them one can mention the order of the Templars and the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem.

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