Archimedes was one of the most notable mathematicians and physicists of the ancient Greeks. Born in Siracusa, Sicily, and lived between 287 and 212 BC The son of an astronomer, was educated in Alexandria, Egypt. Back to Syracuse was developed in the fields of mathematics, mechanics, optics and physics. Defined the principles of differential calculus and of the lever, and identified several areas of plane figures and volumes of certain bodies. State one of the laws of hydrostatics, known as Archimedes' principle. " It states that a body immersed in a fluid experiences a loss of weight equal to the weight of fluid displaced. His inventions include the screw, the sprocket, the compound pulley and various war machines.
Mathematicians and physicists of all times, such as Galileo, Torricelli, Kepler, Pascal and Newton.
Archimedes requested that his tomb was placed on a cylinder with a sphere inscribed, as remembrance of the quantities of such bodies.