What are the reflection and refraction?

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The reflection and refraction, which are studied in optics, are phenomena that occur when light passes from a homogeneous medium to another. In this case, part of that light is reflected, ie can not enter the environment that crossed the new one, and part is refracted, which means entering the second half, but changes direction. The amount of light reflected depends on the relationship between the refractive indices of the two media. The latter concept is defined as the ratio between the speed of light in vacuum and the same magnitude in a given substance. The line perpendicular to the surface of a medium at the point where incident light is called normal. In turn, the plane of incidence is determined by the normal and the ray of incidence. The angle of incidence, ie, formed by the incident ray and the normal reflection is equal to, or is that determined by the normal and the reflected beam.

What happens to the refracted light?

The refractive index varies with the density of each substance. When a ray of light passes from one substance to another is close to normal in cases in which the first means has a refractive index greater than the second, and vice versa.

Christiaan Huygens, Netherlands scientific seventeenth century, formulated a wave theory can be deduced that the laws of reflection and refraction.

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